Aristotle's phronesis refers to:

• A. Practical wisdom — knowing what to do in specific situations
• B. Theoretical memory
• C. Strict rule following
• D. Financial acumen

Answer: (A)

Aristotle’s phronesis is practical wisdom—the ability to discern and act rightly in real-world, particular situations. It combines experience with moral insight to deliberate about what to do, taking into account the specific context, the ends to pursue, and the right means to reach them. This isn’t about memorizing facts or theoretical knowledge, nor is it about blindly following universal rules without regard to context. It also isn’t about financial skill. Phronesis involves judging which action best promotes the good in a given circumstance and justifying that choice through practical reasoning aligned with virtue.